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Ostia Antica, the Roman necropolis discovered at a construction site

Back to light thanks to the collaboration between Acea and the Superintendence for Cultural Heritage of Rome, Ostia within a Roman necropolis. Inside the yard of Acea Distribuzione Lighting - during the refurbishment work on a new lighting system of the pedestrian path on a Gesualdo, the Park of Ravenna in Ostia Antica, have been found important remains of funerary and masonry structures dating back to Roman times. The excavation, carried out on behalf of the Cooperative Acea Archaeology, is responsible the scientific direction of the Superintendence for Archaeological Heritage of Rome, home of the Ostia, and was conducted with the help of an anthropologist colleague of the Department of Anthropology of the Superintendent.

Thanks to the collaboration between Acea and Superintendent, it was possible to highlight the continued scope necropolis already highlighted in the work of a former shipyard Acea, made in 2006 in the southwestern corner of Ravenna Park. The area was discovered during the current construction stretched along a wall at an angle, which was found only the foundation. The graves for burial and cremation, are distributed in a chaotic way, with many voluntary reductions to make way for more recent burials. This part of the necropolis appears to date back to the late first century AD.

"From the preliminary anthropological buried in most men, appeared to belong to a very low social level, for the many signs of skeletal disorders caused by biomechanical stress, attributed to an working particularly hard, which included a strong commitment to functional art - continues the statement - also in the yard closest to the railway station Roma - Lido were found in masonry structures, shaved at the foundation level, referring to two adjacent rooms paved with mosaics in geometric designs in black and white. These structures can link to other visible along Station Street to Ostia Antica and those discovered at several points in the past near the station and probably related to commercial and residential. The data resulting from this intervention were particularly interesting for the reconstruction of how to use the land immediately surrounding the Roman city of Ostia Antica. " This was communicated in a note, the Superintendence for Cultural Heritage of Rome to Ostia.

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USA. They were perhaps the Vikings to discover the New World?

The Vinland map, which was acquired in 1958 by the American philanthropist Paul Mellon and later donated to Yale University seems to rewrite the story about the discovery of America. In fact, the School of Conservation at the Royal Danish Academy of Arts submitted the document to a detailed analysis confirming the originality and dating to 1434 about.

With this declaration, the Charter is the first known representation of the land even before the famous expedition of Christopher Columbus: Europe, Scandinavia, North Africa, Asia to the Far East, Greenland and the 'Island of Vinland. " This confirms the hypothesis that the Vikings were the first to reach America around the year one thousand , settling in Canada and founded a small village called Anse aux Meadows , discovered by archaeologists in 1963 and today under the auspices of UNESCO.

The hero is the founder king Leif Eriksson (about 970 to 1020 AD) who placed first in the current foot Newfoundland, calling it Vinland, probably for the wild vines that grew there in abundance.

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Power, discovered a palace of the sixth century style Ikea

E 'was discovered in Satriano Tower, the gates of power, a palace dating from the sixth century BC and was assembled in the style of an Ikea furniture : archaeologists in fact, reportedly the source of the journal Historical "National Geographic, have discovered what proved to be a lavish and opulent edifice with a pitched roof which almost all pieces are marked with carvings and inscriptions that represent real assembly instructions.

The magazine explains how this is a building like a temple with a central building with a gabled roof complete with black and red decor and a volume positioned laterally with a porch that gave luster of this magnificent building entrance. The roof allows the rain water flows through the panels of landscaping provided gutter.

As illustrated by the magazine Massimo Osanna, director of the School of Archaeology in the University of Basilicata and the proposed excavation of Tower Satriano, these panels which are called " sime , along with a few slabs of the frieze went instructions explaining how to mount the roof, up to now have been rediscovered something like a hundred pieces of writing where you see a male on the ordinal number sime and a female on the frieze. It is therefore a kind of instruction manual which identifies each part and component using an acronym, and in order to facilitate assembly, explained male and female elements, a procedure which is used to tutt 'today.

Another important detail is the one that is common on the basis of similarity, the decorations on the roof of the Palace of Torre Satriano with fragments found at a house decoration Braida di Vaglio , not far from Torre Satriano; has therefore assumed the same origin and even the same mold . The area of \u200b\u200bthe finds was located behind the Cost column of Magna Graecia and at that time the lords of the place suited to the tastes of those who were elevating the Greek trend in status symbol here then maybe the reason of a production that would constitute "serial".

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Mexico. Navigate to the archaeological ruins of a city: perhaps those of the mysterious empire Purepecha

The archaeological discovery of a city in central Mexico will shed light on the history of thanks to the study of pre-Columbian ruins. The remains, attributable to the Purepecha civilization, located in the Lake Patzcuaro, near the town of Tzintzutzan , which was the capital of an empire and little-known opponent of the Aztec.

The largest settlement was discovered last summer in the central state of Michoacan by an archaeological mission led by the Colorado State University Christopher Fisher. The discovery and data available to date, however, were only presented last weekend at the 75th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology , held in St Louis, Missouri.

The proto-urban settlement was founded around the year one thousand and has been gradually emptying about 1350 due to the transfer of much of the population in the new capital, Tzintzutzan, until 1500, a time when the city is totally uninhabited. The center, which does not have a name, it was inhabited by about 40 000 people during the consolidation period Perupecha empire. The civilization that lived in this settlement was specialized in the manufacture of bronze and copper.

Purepecha Empire was large and powerful as the Aztec: controlled the western part of Mexico and was in conflict with its eastern neighbors with which it had no trade. In fact, we found evidence of a violent confrontation at the end of the fifteenth century during which the Aztec army was defeated.

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Archaeology, Italian scholar discovered necropolis in Georgia

An important archaeological discovery in Georgia, the western part of which is the ancient Colchis, a leading Italian scholar has seen: Livio Zerbini, responsible Laboratory of the ancient provinces Danube University of Ferrara. In the province of Samtskhe, a few miles away from the fortress of Khertvissi, Zerbini, flanked by Vakhtang Licheli, director of the Department of Archaeology University "I. Javakhishvili "in Tbilisi, has found a vast necropolis, previously unknown and completely intact. Along the route follows the valley of the river Mtkvari and leading to the cave monastery of Vardzia, halfway between the villages of tsundere Tmogvi and, in a very inaccessible area, in a valley well concealed and hidden, thickens a large number of monumental tombs. The necropolis is of great interest not only to the extent and the large number of burials, but for the time span represented, dating back to IV-III millennium BC until the third century AD The first excavations, made in September last year, have confirmed the importance of the site, which will represent a of the most interesting archaeological sites in the years to come, allowing you to throw a new and clearer light on this region and to better define the outlines of themes and recurring motifs in the Mediterranean and oriental civilization.

Thursday, April 8, in Rome, at Palazzo Rondanini to 11.30, the book will be presented by Zerbini "The armor lost (Rubbettino) , Which is born of the discovery of an ancient armor, complete and in excellent condition. The pages of the volume not only retrace and reconstruct the main phases of the exceptional archaeological discovery, but they represent a journey back in time in ancient Colchis, where the size of the myth can still be felt and it seems almost inherent in the same places, and where the archeology, because of the lack of systematic excavations, is still inevitably cloaked in the charm of the mystery of discovery. Crossroads of important routes between the West and the East, Colchis was often in the course of history, the focus of great empires and states. As was the case recently, when the war has hurt this country in the clash between Russia and Georgia, as also happened in the past. Three thousand years ago, from the Mediterranean, landed on its shores the Argonauts, led by Jason in search of the legendary Golden Fleece. And it was through the ancient Colchis, which - in the first century. BC - the Roman general Pompey the Great became the head of his army, to reach almost to the Caspian Sea. The meeting was one of the most impressive and challenging military expeditions undertaken by the Romans, to finally defeat Mithridates VI Eupator, king of Pontus, and to extend the dominion of Rome to Armenia. It is therefore not difficult to see how Georgia, land on the border between myth and history, the meeting point of many different cultures and civilizations, is distinguished by an extraordinary wealth of archaeological, an enormous heritage which, for the lack of systematic excavations, we know still very little. The presentation of the book, besides the author, will take Patrizio Bianchi, President Crui Foundation, Konstantin Gabashvili, the ambassador of Georgia, Mounir Bouchenaki, Director-General of ICCROM, Angela Donati, University of Bologna, Roberto Giacobbo, Deputy Rai 2, Andreas Steiner, editor "Archeo and Professor Licheli.

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Ancient city discovered in the dense Amazon rainforest in Peru

ancient city was discovered in the dense Amazon rainforest and could reveal the secrets of a legendary tribe. Little is known of the People of the Clouds of Peru, an ancient civilization with white skin destroyed by disease and wars in the century. XVI, which archaeologists have now discovered a settlement. The tribe had white skin and blond hair, two characteristics that intrigue historians, because you do not know other people similar to Europeans in the region, where most of the indigenous inhabitants of the skin is rather dark.

The Lost City was discovered by a group of archaeologists in the middle of the jungle in one of the most remote areas of the Amazon. It is natural to the edge of an abyss, the tribe could use as a defense, to spy on the arrival of the enemy.

The Chachapoyas, also called Warriors of the Clouds, were an Andean people living in forests and dense fog in the region of the Peruvian Amazon. The territory of Chachapoyas is included in the triangular region formed by the confluence of the rivers and Utcubamba Marañon, in the zone of Bagua, up to Abiseo River basin. The size of the Marañon and the mountainous terrain have ensured that the region was relatively isolated.

The People of the Clouds time controlled a large territory, which extends through the Andes of northern Peru up to the Amazon jungle. Then they were subdued by the Incas.

Until recently, much of what was known about this legend came from the lost civilization of the Incas. Their culture is known for its fortress Kuellap, on top of a mountain in Utcubamba, which can be compared to its size only to the refuge of the Incas Machu Picchu, built a few centuries later. Even the name they called themselves is unknown. The word Chachapoyas, or 'People of the Clouds', was given to them by the Incas, because they lived in rainforests full of mist, like clouds. After the arrival of the Spaniards, they sided for the new colonialists against the Incas, but they were from epidemics of European diseases such as measles and smallpox.

The remains of their settlements, dating back to our sec. IX, were later destroyed by the looting, leaving little for archaeologists to be able to study. Some of these remains had been identified and studied, but scientists have high hopes last discovery, made by an expedition in the district of Jamalca in the Peruvian province of Utcubamba, about 800 km north-east of the capital, Lima. According to the archaeologist Benedict Goicochea Perez, their main settlement was made of circular stone houses and covered an area of \u200b\u200b50,000 square meters (five acres). Rock paintings cover some of the fortifications and residences are near the platforms, which is believed to serve to crush the seeds and plants for food and to extract principles for curative medicine.

Two years ago, archaeologists have found an underground burial vault built inside a cave with five mummies, two with intact skin and hair. The chronicler of Chachapoyas, Pedro Cieza de Leon wrote of this tribe: 'I am the whitest and most beautiful of all the people who have seen and their wives were so beautiful, because of their sophistication, many of them have deserved to become wives of the Incas and also to be made at the Temple of the Sun Women and their husbands are always dressed in woolen clothes on their heads and take their llautos (turbans of wool), a sign they wear to be accepted everywhere '.

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the mythical temple of human sacrifice

A temple complex. a thousand years ago (including a grave of victims of human sacrifice) was found beneath the windswept dunes of Peru's north-west.

The discovery of the complex, excavated near the city of Chiclayo between 2006 and the end of 2009, confirmed the reality of the legend of Naylamp, the god who allegedly founded the pre-Inca civilization Lambayeque eighth century AD, following the collapse of the Moche civilization.

This is because the evidence in the archaeological site of Chotuna Chornancap indicate that the temple complex may have belonged to the descendants of Naylamp, suggesting for the first time the existence in the flesh of these alleged descendants. The sophisticated

Lambayeque culture, also known as the Sicilian, was best known as a civilization of irrigation experts when it was conquered in 1375 AD by the Chimu, a civilization based also on the coast of the arid northern Peru.

Archaeologists have been "trying to decode the mystery of the legend" for a century, said leader of the excavation Carlos Wester La Torre, director of the Brüning National Archaeological Museum in Lambayeque. "The goal was to understand the possible relationships between the oral legend and archaeological evidence."

found within the complex of the temple is a tomb in a pyramid called Huaca Norte, which was filled with the skeletons of 33 women.

Two skeletons still have the original hair and some are mummified. All show signs of cuts, which means they were probably tortured as part of the rituals of human sacrifice.

"Women are traditionally associated with fertility," La Torre said. "They are offered in religious ceremonies, in exchange for greater fertility and other charity events, like the rain, for example. "

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discovered a site in pre-Columbian The French Guyana

It 'was announced a few days on the website of' INRAP , l 'Institut National des Recherches Arqueologiques Preventives , the discovery of a pre-Columbian lived along the coast of French Guyana , South America. It has in fact identified INRAP years remains attributable to pre-Columbian Amerindian populations that have lived between thirteenth and sixteenth century . The finding was expected: since 1988 In fact, archaeologists have found in another important pre-Columbian site. You are so normal succession of archaeological investigations "light" the last of which, in 2009, paved the way for an archaeological dig.

the coast of French Guyana is a succession of sandy hills, several km long, indicate the shift of the coastline over time. The coastal environment was rather marshy, so the pre-Columbian people first and also favor this colonial heights to establish their settlements. The newly discovered site of Sainte-Agathe is situated directly on one of these hills.

objective of the excavation was to identify areas of activity of the inhabited space, but that goal was reached only in part, because of recent works in the area by mechanical means which have partly affected the stratification: the archaeological structures are very poorly preserved. Understandable only traces are left by those concentrations of ceramic material, scattered across the top of the hill. Just based on the spatial distribution, the archaeologists hope, you can deduct the business segments by analyzing the findings.

The first radiometric dating made would seem to indicate recent occupation of the site altogether, the beginning of the fourteenth century of our era until the eighteenth century. These dates, together with the data provided by the ceramics, are in agreement with other dates for other sites in the region.

The discovery of this site, and the rest of the archaeological excavations in the future, will allow a better understanding of the dynamics of the population of the coast of Cayenne in French pre-Columbian era, where we still have little knowledge.

on Archeblog

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Athenaion Castro. Salento was the landing of Aeneas in Italy

The exciting archaeological discovery of a shrine to Castro, probably dedicated to Athena, was told in the book edited by Francesco D'Andria, a professor of archeology and director of the graduate school in medieval and classical archeology at the University of Lecce, Castrum Minervae (Farewell, Galatina 2009, pp. 300, € 35). The book contains the results of excavations in 2007 and 2008, which aroused wide interest nationally and internationally: in addition to scientific journals, including The Independent worked on it with an entire page ("In the steps of a Trojan hero," April 27, 2007 ).

probable origin of Cretan and Greek , populated by Messapi evidence dating back to the eighth century BC, the fortress of Castro became a Roman colony in 123 BC by the name of Castrum Minervae, name derived from the temple to Pallas Athena, the Greeks, what was the goddess Minerva for the Romans. He also spoke in the third book of Virgil, the final date of a literary tradition in this place that identified the landing of Aeneas in Italy: "The port is curved in an arc against the sea of \u200b\u200bthe east, two headlands in the foaming ' shock wave and the port where you are hidden, the rocks like towers projecting arms are like two walls, the temple is up there, far from the sea. "

The question of the landing of the Trojan hero has always been debated , since age humanist scholars from Salento, also identified with the place of arrival in Porto Roca Badisco or Old. Today, the correspondence between literary sources, topographic data and new archaeological discoveries, it seems almost definitive credit the possibility of Castro. "The installation of a sanctuary of Athena Castro - said D'Andria - is connected to ancient traditions, overshadowed by the myth of the founding of Idomeneo, and certainly the material of the sixth century BC refer to a cult already in attendance Archaic. The growth in attendance is the fourth and third century BC and is connected to the world of Magna Graecia. " The excavations made during 2007 on the south-east of the town towards the sea, in the village huts and walls, close to the remains of the walls messapiche dating from the second half of the fourth century BC Here were found fragments of ceramics in open forms, cups to handle unique mugs decorated with concentric circles painted on the bottom edge, which are clearly to be connected to the practices of libation. They were also found bones of sheep and astragals, with parts removed and abraded, indicating religious practices, such as slaughtering, burning and age juvenile animals chosen for sacrifice.

emerged simultaneously pottery shards firearms, pots with the rim folded out, to show a consumption ritual meals, as have been found from other parts of the city trozzelle messapiche, regional, evidence from the place of worship. The religious character of the area is confirmed by iron objects tracked, arrowheads and spears, weapons that refer to the worship of Athena as at other sites in Sicily and Magna Graecia dedicated to the goddess. It is therefore certain that the whole band south-east up area is affected by deposits of votive for an area of \u200b\u200bat least 35 meters, which corresponds, in the settlement old, to a 'Athenaion "open view of the sea and port. Pieces of marble vases, a female statue in limestone-size, the triglyph a gable belonging to a temple they would further guarantee. But the turning point took place in May of 2008, when archaeologists Amedeo Galati and Emanuele Ciullo found a bronze statue of Athena in crested Phrygian Iliaca. This statue has the same characteristics of two bronze statues found in the sanctuary of Athena in Sparta, with a similar posture of the left leg bent backwards, and wearing the peplum el'elmo dome. The movement of the arms recalls the specimens in his right hand holding a Spartans' phiale "and a spear in his left: the three findings correspond to a model statue of Athena which is common. As he once wrote Strabo, "in Rome is called Athena Iliaca like it came from Troy."

The 'Athenaion "Castro , in addition to confirm the religious significance of the place , also attests to the significance of its geographical location in relation routes along the ancient marine Iapigio whole promontory, which included the southern part of Salento between Otranto and Leuca. "The cult of Athena - concludes D'Andria - goddess of" metis ", appears to be linked to sail around the Mediterranean sea and the places that mark important landmarks, such as headlands and narrow. The presence of Athena Castro is particularly significant because the Acropolis overlooking the coast up to Capo di Leuca appear crisp and clear days the outline of the mountains Acroceraunians on the Albanian coast. We are in the narrowest point of the Straits of Otranto. " These studies were made possible thanks to a collaboration which began ten years ago with a protocol between the City Council, Soprintendenza Archaeological and University of Salento is an example of good practice which is a measure of what the results of international importance, can be achieved if the institutions know how to coordinate and focus on culture, which always pays in the end, even in terms of marketing territory. Now Castro is working route at the foot of the walls, through the terraced gardens that surround the city, to admire the large blocks built by Messapi.

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"missing link between ape and man"

The missing link between ape and man was finally found. This is a new species of hominid, a child, whose remains will be shown for the first time Thursday. The new species is placed developmentally and temporally between Australopithecus found in Africa 3.9 million years ago, and Homo habilis, our ancestor 2.5 million years ago.

The new species does not have a name. Author of the discovery was the South African Lee Berger of the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg Malacapa Cave, Sterkfontein in South Africa. The area is called the "cradle of humanity." Professor Berger and his colleagues have not yet made statements on the extent of their discovery, but in the community International, writes in the British press, the expectation is very high. It is believed that if the discovery really fill some gaps in the evolutionary chain, the entire history of evolution could be integrated in a meaningful way.

Remains of similar species were already found in the past but has always treated the discovery of bone fragments. Experts who have seen the skeleton of the child, the Daily Mail reported today in London, say that presents characteristics of Homo habilis, and said it could shed light on the period when our ancestors began walking upright. Professor Phillip Tobias, an anthropologist who was among the first to identify a species as Homo habilis human in 1964, celebrated the discovery as "wonderful" and "exciting." "Finding a complete skeleton, instead of a couple of teeth or bone of an arm, is a rarity," said Professor Tobias of the Daily Telegraph. "One thing is to find a jaw with a pair of teeth, another to find a jaw attached to a skull, and both attached to a spine, a hip and pelvic bones."

The skeleton was found in a limestone quarry, which is believed to have protected the remains from the elements and they have preserved intact.

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Göbekli Tepe, archeology upset

Sometimes it happens. It happens that an archaeological discovery can undermine the timeline of the evolution of civilization in ancient history. It's happening now in Turkey, calls up some hills Göbekli Tepe near the plain of Harran, near the Syrian border. The discovery involves a complex of temples that dates back to thousands of years before the Great Pyramid, around 11,500 years ago, 6000 years before Stonehenge took shape. And, surprisingly, between 3000 and 1500 years before Çatalhöyük, considered one of the oldest settlements in history.

Göbekli Tepe is a particular site, such as particular the dedication that the German archaeologist Klaus Schmidt has put into his work over the past twelve years. The ancient civilization that built the ruins of Göbekli Tepe has been called "the Rome of 'Ice Age', an urban complex populated by hunter-gatherers with a refined religious culture, architecture and society. The site was first examined by the 'University of Chicago and from' University of Istanbul in the 60s. After visiting the site, which was only a "hit and run" on what anthropologists to look like an abandoned cemetery dating to the Middle Ages, Schmidt arrived in 1994, convinced that in that place there was more than an old cemetery. "Only the man may have created a hill like this, "Schmidt claimed" It 's clear that this is a huge site dating from the Stone Age. "You can find terraces, stone circles, six feet tall pillars in the shape of" T "and monoliths. And to make matters worse, the radar measurements showed that under the ground are hidden at least 15 other monumental ruins.

far have been brought to light some of the 50 pillars of the complex, one of which, according the dates, would be the oldest monumental work of art in the world. On one of the pillars you can see the abstract symbols, but in fact the whole site covered with bas-reliefs and sculptures of animals and plants. Wild boars, bulls, lions, foxes, leopards, you can find everything Göbekli Tepe. There are also representations of human beings, semi-humanoid sculpture without faces.

Schmidt's argument is that cooperation between hunters and the formation of this center of worship for religious needs were born. The temple was the center of the city, was built around it all. This is not the "traditional" urban settlement with a few houses, we are talking about a city made and finished, with time, specialized laboratories, homes. This discovery is slowly revolutionizing the world of archeology. As stated by Ian Hodder of Stanford University's archaeological program, "Many people think that this could change everything. Completely change the cards on the table. All of our theories were wrong."

theories on the "Neolithic revolution" have always maintained that between 10 and 12 thousand years ago farmers and ranchers have begun to build villages, towns, skilled workers, writing, and everything that we know of ancient civilizations. But one of the highlights of the old theory is that the city is born before or after the places of worship. But now it seems that religion appeared before the organized and civilized life in urban centers, in fact, it's almost been the driving primary for the creation of the city. The site of Tepe Göbekli also seems to show that the region was born in agriculture, as well as domestic architecture.

The genetic mapping of wheat in this area seems to show that they have been, for the first time in history, cultivated cereals. Even the first wild hogs farmed here seems to have originated around 10,000 years ago. At the site were discovered more than 100,000 animal bones, slaughtered and cooked on the spot. Among the animals were found gazelles (about 60% of all bones so far examined), sheep, wild boars and red deer, along with dozens of bones of birds. All these animals were wild, which shows the nature of the population of hunters. The problem of the spread of this discovery is quite bizarre: it is the absence of evidence that might demonstrate his age, as you might think. The problem is there are too many tests.

"The problem with this discovery," said John Schwartz of the University Hopking "is that it is unique." Are not in fact been found in other monumental sites dating back to Göbekli Tepe, anywhere in the world. He has always believed in fact that at that time the man lived in caves, by painting with hunting scenes, building or some shelter on the edge of rough stone. Even after the period in which Göbekli Tepe was at its peak, for about 1500 years, there seem to be very little evidence of buildings even comparable to those found in the turkish site. The Walls of Jericho, so far considered the oldest monumental structure in the history of 'man, are probably born more than a millennium after Göbekli Tepe.

This is a discovery that could call into question the timeline on the evolution of human civilization. Until now it has been brought to light only 5% of the site, and work is continuing unabated, so much that locally there are 3 different teams of archaeologists. Excavations at Tepe Göbekli proceed slowly, given the region's climate: summer temperatures are prohibitive, during the winter, the rains do not allow the excavations, and the period for the archaeological work is represented by two months during the spring and two in the fall.

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